CHRONIC DISEASES

Diabetes

Common symptoms of diabetes:
1. Frequent urination
2. . Extreme hunger or thirst.
3. Weight loss. vision problem
4. Tingling or numbness in the extremities
5. . Unexplained fatigue.
6. Cuts or ulcers heal slowly.
7. A large number of inflammatory infections
1. Cardiovascular disease
Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk for coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, heart attacks, and strokes.
2. Nerve damage
 High blood sugar can damage the capillaries that supply nerves, often in the legs and feet, causing loss of sensation.
3. Kidney damage
The body's kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood. Diabetes can prevent this process and may lead to kidney failure.
4. Eye damage
Diabetes can affect the blood vessels that supply the retina, which can lead to blindness.
5. Alzheimer's disease
Evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes causes an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.
6. Cancer
1. Overweight and obesity
Being overweight or obese significantly increases the risk of developing diabetes, by inhibiting the body's ability to produce insulin and by raising blood glucose. If you are obese, even slight obesity can help reduce your chance of being diagnosed with diabetes.
2. Familial diabetes
There is a genetic component to diabetes, which makes it more likely that an individual with a close family member who suffers from diabetes will develop his or her diabetes.
3. High blood pressure
 Blood pressure of 140/90 or worse significantly increases the risk of developing diabetes.
4. Abnormal cholesterol having an HDL of 35 or less or a triglyceride level of 250 or higher
5. Physical inactivity
It is recommended that you exercise at least 3 times a week to reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
6. History of gestational diabetes after having previously developed
What is pre-diabetes:
1. A state of high blood glucose that has not yet reached the level of diabetes.
2. He, with insulin resistance, had no symptoms.
3. An individual may have prediabetes for years without knowing it. Prediabetes increases the risk of type 2 DM and heart disease.
4. Weight loss and exercise may stop the onset of diabetes from pre-diabetes by returning blood glucose levels to the normal range.
Eating smart:
- Control your portion sizes.
- Limit your intake of fats, especially saturated and trans fats (including sweets, cakes, fatty meats, fried or processed foods, whole milk or cream, and butter)
- Limit consumption of sugary foods, soda, artificially flavored juice, sweetened tea, and coffee.
- Limit consumption of salt, commonly found in canned and canned soups, pickles, and processed meats.
- Get plenty of whole-grain foods. Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables, and 100% pure juices.
• Regular exercise
- Regular exercise helps control weight, blood glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure, as well as maintain heart and nerve health (a major concern for diabetics)
- It is recommended that people with diabetes engage in moderate-intensity exercise for at least 30 minutes a day and at least 5 days a week.
- Do some physical activity every day, rather than a lot one day and nothing the next.
- Discuss your exercise plan and your unique health needs with your health care provider. If you have a problem with your eyes, feet, or blood pressure, you may limit your physical activity to certain types.

Complications of diabetes include the following:

Risk factors for diabetes

Gestational diabetes or the birth of a baby over 4 kg increases developing diabetes.

Health education tips

Take responsibility for your health

Monitoring the level of glucose in the blood.
Take the medications and/or insulin prescribed by your health care provider.
Touch the base regularly with an endocrinologist, ophthalmologist, and podiatrist, as well as a primary care physician.